Power Factor is the ratio of the Kilo Watts and the Kilo Volts/Amps consumed by the load where the KW is the actual load power and the KVA is the apparent power. This ratio is the measure of efficiency the current being converted to shaft HP

Correcting the PF will not reduce energy consumed but will reduce the energy lost ,

but still a metered consumption

A load with a PF of 1.0 is the most efficient load on the supply but a PF of 0.5 is a higher loss to the supply system. This can be both a phase difference between volts and amps or a high harmonic content i.e. distortion of the AC waveform

Poor phase angle is due to rotating machines,tranformers,light ballests,,welders

Poor quality AC results from rectifiers,switched power supplys,electronics drives

By addition of capacitance across a load these are of opposite phase angle to induction

the induction motor current comprises of the load current + current losses ( resistive )

and the inductive currents of magnetising current ( independent of the load approx. 40% of full load rated amps ) + leakage reactance, (dependant on the total current drawn by the motor

As a large proportion of the inductive (lagging current ) on the supply is due to the magnetising current in the motor this static connection should have capacitive current equal to 80% of the magnetising current, the no load current of the motor

Reactive power sqr(1150)<2-(977.5)>2 = 605 VAR or 0.6 KVR

So we need 605 VAR of PF correction calculating required impedance from Q =v>2/ X

605 =(115)>2/X =>X =(115)>2/605 = 21 ohm

Capacitor = 1/(2 * 3.142 * 50 * X) = 1/(377 * 21) = 142 mfd

this is a large capacitor and will have 5.2 amps flowing through it

If the line voltage were to be higher ,the correction Z would be increased by the square of the supply voltage or at 240 volts the capacitor is 33 mfd , and at 415 11 mfd STAR connected

Capacitive PF correction connected to a supply causes resonance between the supply and the capacitors . If the fault current of the supply is very high,the effect of resonance will be low, but in a rural supply line of a long lenthg and high inductive lines ,the resonance can be severe causing voltages surges and transients several times the supply voltage this sudden change in current will result in ringing depending on the Q of the line, resulting in major damage to equipment

Most electronic equipment are a means to create a DC voltage.This involves rectifying the AC causing harmonics. Most are insignificant to the power used,but if the total harmonic content is large enough 5000amp Crome plating ,the resultant distortion will effect the operation of other equipment,

correction for distorted supply can not be with capacitor s. the harmonics can be reduced by inductive filters

The harmonics are a multiple integers of the fundamentl drequency caused by any nolinear loads

Variable speed drives, UPS,s, Inverters, soft-Starters

An AC waveform is said to be distorted by harmonics when these are measured at there order of 5% above the fundamentle by Fourier analysis this is shown that the current wave consists of the fundametle + components at 100c/s 150 c/c200 c/s ---

Beluk install info (1.5meg file)